Which of the following is a requirement for federal jurisdiction in a lawsuit?

The requirement for federal jurisdiction in a lawsuit hinges on two primary principles: diversity of citizenship and federal question jurisdiction.

Diversity of citizenship refers to cases where the parties involved are from different states, and the amount in controversy exceeds a specified threshold, currently set at $75,000. This requirement is put in place to prevent local biases that may arise in state courts when one party is a resident of that state.

Alternatively, federal question jurisdiction allows federal courts to hear cases that involve the interpretation of federal laws or the U.S. Constitution. When a case presents a significant issue that arises from federal law, it can be heard in federal court regardless of the parties' states of residence.

The other options do not accurately represent the requirements for federal jurisdiction. Involving a state law issue does not satisfy the criteria for federal jurisdiction; rather, the case must involve either a federal question or diversity. Similarly, there is no requirement that defendants must reside in the same state as plaintiffs, as this would contradict the principles of diversity jurisdiction. Lastly, consensus among all parties to file in federal court is not a legal requirement for obtaining federal jurisdiction.

Thus, the requirement that diversity of citizenship or a federal question must be present is essential for establishing federal jurisdiction in